Anti-Müllerian hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein produced in the granulosa cells of the ovary. It is involved in the regulation of follicular growth and development. AMH serum and follicular fluid concentration is increased in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which correlates with the extent of ovarian dysfunction and clinical manifestation of the syndrome. It is unclear whether the higher AMH levels in PCOS are due to the higher number of preantral follicles or result from a specific disorder in the synthesis of AMH causing follicular arrest in PCOS. AMH determination has high specificity and sensitivity as a diagnostic marker for PCOS. The AMH level can also be used to predict the effect of treatment in PCOS women, the higher values implying more difficulties in the therapeutic management of the disease.